4 Key Issues to Diversify Your Health Essay

If youre putting efforts into writing a health essay, then, of course, you want people to take some time to read it. In order to attract attention to your essay, its important to make sure you have chosen a topic that will interest a wide range of people. Once you have that engaging topic, you can create a health essay that will inform and interest readers. Here are some popular health topics that will generate interest. There are plenty of resources concerning these topics for research as well. 1. Immunotherapies This type of cancer treatment has been attracting an increased amount of interest over the last few years. There are several types of immunotherapy treatments, all with the intended effect of heightening the bodys immune system to target existing cancer cells. Proponents of this cancer treatment claim that it is capable of stopping the growth and spread of cancerous cells by helping the immune system target them. Although a lot of hopeful talk surrounds immunotherapies, there is still a lot of research to be done on its actual effectiveness in stopping the spread of cancer in the body. People want to know: does it work? Thus, this is something your health essay could address. 2. Internet and Electronics Usage and Personal Health With the widespread use of smartphones and technology, we have seen a fundamental change in how individuals live their lives over the past twenty years. People all over the world, especially families raising small children in a society besieged by technology, want to know what effects a frequent cell phone usage has on mental and physical health. Some studies suggest an increase in anxiety and depression when there is high engagement with smartphones. Others suggest there is little evidence of this. There is also an ever-evolving question of what constitutes Internet addiction. 3. Sugar Avoidance News outlets have been churning out a story after a story these years about the health benefits of cutting sugar out of people’s lives. Many claim it has previously unexplored negative effects on the body. Some health professionals have proposed that removing sugar from your diet could potentially help with certain cases of depression. Although there are certainly many research studies about the effects of sugar on physical health, the possible effects on mood is a relatively new and popular area of research. This is a topic that will have many different areas of study, and will gather a lot of interest from those looking for information about their personal health. 4. Mindfulness Mindfulness has been a popular topic in regards to meditation and exercise for quite a few years now, but recently scientific researchers have begun to delve into the possible immediate health benefits it can have on our body and mind. The research has generated rapidly and there is still a lot that can be contributed to this area of study. Meditation that incorporates mindfulness is suggested to improve certain biological functions as well as reduce some stress, which always takes a heavy impact on individual health. There are studies that also claim that this practice can help with depression and other psychological disorders. All of these topics are currently debated; they are putting out a significant amount of scientific research. By including these topics in your essay, you will contribute to a global dialogue on health issues as they develop.

Multiple Themes in Zora Neale Hurston´s Their Eyes Are...

Final Essay The book â€Å"Their eyes are watching god† was published in 1937 with the author being Zora Neale Hurston. The book itself brought about many discussions, almost as much as the author. The book was criticized for being too vague and for not appealing to all audiences. Many other influential black writers back in Zora’s time criticized her book for being too much like her real life and for not living up to the expectations everyone had for her. However the book itself still stands as one of America’s best sellers that had been revived numerous times. Although Zora has been criticized multiple times that never stopped her from writing. In â€Å"Their eyes are watching god† many people thought it was too vague and there was no depth or point to make throughout the story, however the story possesses multiple themes you can examine and dissect to get the real meaning of the message Hurston wanted to get across to all of her readers. Almost every bo ok has one or more themes that you can analyze or bring forth to discuss. This book is one of the rare ones that have a very diverse array of topics to choose from ranging from love to self-certainty. A theme that is often discussed in this book is Janie’s self-revelations. Throughout the book you see Janie growing up and having different experiences with the different people that she meets; and she always acts differently because Janie is someone who expects a lot from her husband as a lover and a friend. Fast forwardingShow MoreRelatedGender Roles in Their Eyes Were Watching God1087 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Gender Roles in Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God During the 1900’s, women, specifically black women, were considered to be property of men in the United States, especially down south, in states such as Florida and Georgia. Legally, women had no voice. For example, if a woman was abused by her husband, the court system would not acknowledge it even if it did really happen. In the article â€Å"Sexism in the Early 1900’s†, Becca Woltemath states that â€Å"†¦a woman’s job is to take care of the houseRead MoreAnalysis Of Zora Neale Hurston s The Eyes Were Watching God Essay1690 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of identity intersect with each other to form specific and differing experiences of oppression. Zora Neale Hurston deals with the intersection of race and gender through the story of Janie in Their Eyes Were Watching God. However, rather than seeing the way in which Hurston deals with this intersection, the author Richard Wright claims, â€Å"The sensory sweep of her novel carries no theme, n o message, no thought. In the main, her novel is not addressed to the Negro, but to a white audience whoseRead MoreFemale Empowerment By Zora Neale Hurston And Their Eyes Were Watching God1874 Words   |  8 PagesFemale Empowerment in Zora Neale Hurston and Their Eyes Were Watching God Their Eyes Were Watching God was a book that presented the world with a new look on writing novels. Zora Neale Hurston’s experience in what she has seen through research was embodies in this novel. She demonstrates what data she has collected and intertwined it into the culture within the novel. While being a folklorist/anthropologist, and inspired by her life experiences, she developed a character who dealt with the issuesRead MoreCommunication Is The Connection Of Our Society2922 Words   |  12 Pagesthat it’s as cold as a freezer, comparing a freezer to how cold it is in my house. Another form or symbolism is allegory; allegory is an extended metaphor that can be a story, a poem, and even a book. For the example in the novel their eyes were god by Zora Neale Hurston identifies Janie’s â€Å"hair† as being long and straight but also a form bandage and loss of freedom. However, a spoken word, an action, an event all can have symbolic values, such as b y â€Å"smiling† the action of smiling at someone is a symbolRead More The Role of Women in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart Essay3614 Words   |  15 Pagessituation of the period he is depicting, and the factors in it that condition male attitudes towards women; 2) the consequences of the absence of a moderating female principle in his fictions; 3) Achebes progressively changing attitude towards women s roles; and 4) feminist prospects for African women. In the context of this study, the Igbo people whom Achebe describes will represent the rest of Nigeria -- and a great many of the nations of Africa. Sociocultural Background Were Nigeria and AfricaRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed

Comparison Of Martin Luther King Jr And Malcom X Essay Example For Students

Comparison Of Martin Luther King Jr And Malcom X Essay Comparison Of Martin Luther King Jr And Malcom X Essay They were black men who had a dream, but never lived to see it fulfilled. One was a man who spoke out to all humanity, but the world was not yet ready for his peaceful words. I have a dream, a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed that all men are created equal. (Martin Luther King) The other, a man who spoke of a violent revolution, which would bring about radical change for the black race. Anything you can think of that you want to change right now, the only way you can do it is with a ballot or a bullet. And if youre not ready to get involved with either one of those, you are satisfied with the status quo. That means well have to change you. (Malcom X) While Martin Luther King promoted non-violence, civil rights, and the end to racial segregation, a man of the name of Malcom X dreamed of a separate nation. Martin Luther King, Jr. was the conscience of his generation. A Southerner, a black man, he gazed upon the great wall of segregation and saw that the power of love could bring it down. From the pain and exhaustion of his fight to free all people from the bondage of separation and injustice, he wrung his eloquent statement of what America could be. (Ansboro, pg.1) An American clergyman and a Nobel Peace Prize winner, he was one of the principle leaders of the American Civil Rights Movement and a prominent advocate of nonviolent protest. Kings challenges to segregation and racial discrimination in the 1950s and 1960s, helped convince many white Americans to support the cause of civil rights in the United States. After his assassination in 1968, King became the symbol of protest in the struggle for racial justice. (;King, Martin Luther, Jr.,; pg. 1) In 1964, Malcom X founded an organization called ;The Muslim Mosque, Inc. In an interview conducted by A. B. Spellman on March 19, 1964, Malcom speaks of his goals for this organization. ;The Muslim Mosque, Inc. will have as its religious base the religion of Islam, which will be designed to propagate the moral reformations necesary to up the level of the so-called Negro community by eliminating the vices and other evils that destroy the moral fiber of the community. But the political philosophy of the Muslim Mosque will be black nationalism, as well as the social and economic philosophies. We still believe in the Honorable Elijah Muhammands solution as complete separation. The 22 million so-called Negroes should be separated completely from America and should be permitted to go back home to our native African homeland. (Breitmaned, pgs. 5-6) Perhaps the key to these two African-Americans leaders opposing goals lay within their very different pasts. Malcom X was born in Omaha as Malcom Little. Malcoms faith, a Baptist minister was an outspoken follower of Marcus Garvey, the black nationalist leader of the 1920s. The family moved to Lansing, Michigan, and when Malcom was six years old, his father was murdered after receiving threats from the Ku Klux Klan. Malcoms mother suffered a nervous breakdown and her eight children were taken by the welfare department. Malcom was sent first to a foster home and then to a reform school. After 8th grade, Malcom moved to Boston where he worked various jobs and eventually became involved in criminal activity. (Malcom X, pg.1) In 1946, he was sentenced to prison for burglary. While in prison, Malcom became invested in the teachings of Elijah Muhammed, the leader of the black Muslims also called the Nation of Islam. .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 , .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .postImageUrl , .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 , .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7:hover , .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7:visited , .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7:active { border:0!important; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7:active , .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7 .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uefe2dfed0df80be9f9328dedcff925e7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marilyn Monroe Essay Malcom spent his time in jail educating himself and learning more about the black Muslims, who advocated racial separation. When Malcom was released in 1952, he joined a black Muslim temple in Detroit and became the most prominent spokesperson for the Nation of Islam by the early 1960s. It was then that he took the name of Malcom X. (Malcom, pg.1) Martin Luther King was born in Alanta, Georgia, the eldest son of Martin Luther King, Sr., a Baptist minister, and Alberta Williams King. King attended local segregated public schools, .

La relacion entre el genero y la criminalidad es p Essays

La relacion entre el genero y la criminalidad es profunda, persistente y paradojica. Durante un largo tiempo se ha considerado que las tasas y patrones de criminalidad, al igual que las experiencias de victimizacion, varia significativamente entre hombres y mujeres. Braithwaite (1989) afirmo vehementemente que el crimen es "cometido de manera desproporcionada por los hombres". Tal declaracion parece tener un efecto notable en la manera en que tanto el derecho como la sociedad responden a diferentes tipos de crimenes. La idea de que la mayoria de crimenes son cometidos principalmente por varones ha tenido un impacto relevante en el pensamiento criminologico y en las politicas de justicia penal. El objetivo de este ensayo es examinar como el genero afecta la forma en que la ley y la comunidad responden a diferentes tipos de delitos y violencia. Del mismo modo, se pretende argir que el sexo desempena un papel importante en la forma en la que se tratan diversos crimenes dentro del sistema de justicia penal. Aunque, por lo general, se puede decir que la ley no distingue entre hombres y mujeres, las investigaciones realizadas en el campo de la criminologia han demostrado claramente que las caracteristicas sociales de los delincuentes como la raza, el genero y la clase han influido en las decisiones tomadas en el sistema penal. Por ejemplo, Morris (1987) ha considerado en su estudio que las mujeres son tratadas con mas indulgencia que los hombres y es menos probable que sean arrestadas, condenadas y encarceladas. Este escrito tambien indagara si la perspectiva de la sociedad sobre los roles y expectativas de genero afectan la manera en que se responde a los crimenes, particularme nte a los delitos violentos. Todas estas cuestiones se examinaran utilizando ejemplos concretos (estadisticas y casos), sin centrarse en ningun pais ni en un solo tipo de delito. No cabe duda de que en todas las comunidades la respuesta a los delitos, particularmente a los mas graves, se ve afectada de manera considerable por el genero de los acusados o, en ocasiones, por el genero de las victimas. Dentro de las sociedades, las expectativas del genero femenino y su rol son diferentes de los de los hombres. Hay algunos tipos especificos de crimenes que se puede esperar sean cometidos por las mujeres pero, por el contrario, hay otros que simplemente no pueden ser realizados por mujeres en el imaginario colectivo. Asimismo, si una mujer comete un crimen que la sociedad no espera que cometa, como lo es matar a sus hijos, indudablemente sera tratada severamente por esa misma sociedad. Las expectativas que se tengan tanto del genero como del rol, dependen mas bien de la cultura de la poblacion y de su tradicion que de la ley, debido a que los ordenamientos juridicos, en general, no hacen ninguna diferencia en el trato de la delincuencia por motivos de genero, en la practica la situacion puede variar. Incluso hoy en dia en algunas comunidades las mujeres son percibidas como objetos sexuales y se espera que permanezcan dentro de dichas ideologias dominadas por los hombres, como el ama de casa y el cuidador, subordinadas a los hombres. En sociedades como Pakistan, las mujeres son consideradas como "propiedad" de los hombres y la violencia domestica puede entenderse como un derecho de los hombres sobre las mujeres con las que viven. De hecho, la violencia contra las mujeres por sus parientes varones es algo aceptado por la sociedad y la familia si se ha considerado que esta ha violado los roles de genero tradicionales en su sociedad. Un caso mundialmente famoso es el de Nagina Bibi, una joven de diecisiete anos de Pakistan, fue comprometida por su padre con su primo, pero su hermano queria que se casara con el hermano de su esposa, el 14 de abril de 1999, despues de que su hermano la vio hablando con el primo elegido por su padre en la calle, el y otro hermano la ataron con una cuerda a un poste de madera en su casa, rocio keroseno sobre ella y la prendio fuego. Posteriormente fue atendida en el hospital con quemaduras en el 75% de su cuerpo, y despues de 23 dias murio. La familia de Nagina afirmo que todo se debio

Ap English Certainty And Doubt free essay sample

Being certain about something can sometimes be misleading or misunderstood. You either assure certainty or question doubt. You can easily be a cocky football player, think you have the best team, and go into the game knowing you’re going to win and have no doubt that the other team is better than you, but end up losing. But as soon as you have doubt and get intimidated by the other team you instantly try your best to win the game, no matter the obstacles and challenges you go through and prove to the other team you’re better. Yes, it’s true that when you are certain about things faith and arrogance takes over and leads us to become acknowledged or at the top. But why would someone great and successful ever experience doubt? In society we have to know what we want to accomplish and how we want to get it done. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap English Certainty And Doubt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One can be doubtful on being able to attain the dreams, discoveries, and challenges that come towards our life. But in the positive, a lot of the times you doubt your self so you can have the ability to push yourself to do bigger and better things. For example, you can surely take a test in class and think it’s easy and be certain that you did really well on it. But, there is always that doubt that you didn’t do well because you didn’t study or weren’t well prepared for this test. When you know something you not only have an opinion, but that opinion is true. We cant just say because we believe something, it is certain. Although everything we know is also certain, not everything we think is certain is known. A person can be certain about something that is true but in fact is, he can be wrong about it. Certainty and doubt go hand in hand because too much certainty can make a person close-minded and ignorant. Not willing to accept facts based on illogical connections to the opinions of others that have an influence strong enough to cause an irrational mental model of what is acceptable to base future opinions on and this leads to decision making that does not follow logic, but rather a misguided, irrational and closed minded. It is highly important for certainty and doubt to coexist and interact with each other to keep us in reality. Sure enough, certainty can help us to accomplish what we want to. But doubt helps us visualize limits and know how much of something we need to accomplish. Everyday I go through doubts. I doubt I’m going to finish this essay, I doubt I’m going to make it through another day of school, I doubt I’ll be able to pay my phone bill before this week, but at least I’m certain about when I come back from New Orleans this weekend I’ll be more than broke. But we as humans are made to accomplish and succeed. Giving up is not an option; more like doubting yourself isn’t. But with certainty helps us find what we really want to get done. Like this essay for example, It might not be the best in my class, (doubt) but I know I did well enough to get through my goal for this semester, which is getting a eighty or higher in all my essays for AP English.

28 Lighthearted Quotes From the Harry Potter Novels

28 Lighthearted Quotes From the Harry Potter Novels Despite the sinister plot in author J.K. Rowlings Harry Potter stories, each book has its funny moments. Characters Ron, Fred, George Weasley, and many others add funny quips along with Harry Potters witty jabs, which easily lightens up some very serious situations. And what they have to say reveals a lot about each characters personality too. We have made sure to get at least one quotation from each of the seven  books from the Harry Potter series. Test your memory: Can you recall what was going on at the time of the quote? These quotes are also great as a starting point for book discussions too. Book 1: Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone (Note: published as Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone in the United Kingdom.) Dudley Dursley: They stuff peoples heads down the toilet the first day at Stonewall. Want to come upstairs and practice?Harry James Potter: No, thanks. The poor toilets never had anything as horrible as your head down it - it might be sick. Fred Weasley 1st Twin: Oh, are you a prefect, Percy? You should have said something, we had no idea.George Weasley 2nd Twin: Hang on, I think I remember him saying something about it. Once - Fred Weasley 1st Twin: Or twice - George Weasley 2nd Twin: A minute - Fred Weasley 1st Twin: All summer - Percy Ignatius Weasley: Oh, shut up! Professor Minerva McGonagall: Well, thank you for that assessment, Mr. Weasley. Perhaps it would be more useful if I were to transfigure Mr. Potter and yourself into a pocket watch. That way, one of you might be on time. Professor Albus Percival Wulfric Brian Dumbledore: I was unfortunate enough in my youth to come across a vomit-flavored one, and since then I have rather lost my liking for them. But, I think I could be safe with a nice toffee. (eats it)...Hmm, alas, earwax. Hermione Jean Granger: (in the Devils Snare) Stop moving, both of you. This is a devils snare! You have to relax. If you dont, itll only kill you faster! Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Kill us faster? Oh, now I can relax! Harry James Potter: So light a fire!Hermione Jean Granger: Yes... of course... but theres no wood!Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: HAVE YOU GONE MAD! ARE YOU A WITCH OR NOT! Book 2: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: A Study of Hogwarts Prefects and Their Later Careers. That sounds fascinating. Fred Weasley 1st Twin: Oh get out of the way, Percy. Harrys in a hurry.George Weasley 2nd Twin: Yeah, hes off to the Chamber of Secrets for a cup of tea with his fanged servant. Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Why spiders? Why couldnt it be follow the butterflies? Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Can you believe our luck? Of all the trees we couldve hit, he had to get one that hits back. Draco Lucius Malfoy: Sure you can manage that broom, Potter?Harry James Potter: Yeah, reckon so.Draco Lucius Malfoy: Got plenty of special features, hasnt it? Shame it doesnt come with a parachute in case you get too near a Dementor. (Crabbe and Goyle sniggered)Harry James Potter: Pity you cant attach an extra arm to yours, Malfoy. Then it could catch the Snitch for you. Book 3: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Right, youve got a crooked sort of cross†¦ (consulting Unfogging the Future) That means youre going to have trials and suffering - sorry about that - but theres a thing that could be a sun†¦ hang on†¦ that means great happiness†¦so youre going to suffer but be very happy†¦Harry James Potter: You need your Inner Eye tested if you ask me†¦ Professor Remus  John  Lupin: Now repeat after me - without wands please - repeat after me, Riddikulus.Class: Riddikulus!Professor Remus  John  Lupin: And again!Class: Riddikulus!Draco Lucius Malfoy: This class is ridiculous. Hermione Jean Granger: Ancient Egyptians used to worship cats, you know.Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Yeah, along with the dung beetle. Professor Sybill Trelawney: The study of Divination will give you the rare gift of SIGHT! (stands up, and promptly bumps into her table) Professor Sybill Trelawney: Would anyone like me to help interpret the shadowy realms within their orb?Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley (whispering to Harry James Potter): I dont need help. Its obvious what this means. Theres going to be loads of fog tonight. Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley to Peter Pettigrew (with revulsion): I let you sleep in my bed! Book 4: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Fred Weasley 1st Twin: Anyone can speak Troll. All you have to do is point and grunt. Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Dont talk to me.Hermione Jean Granger: Why not?Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Because I want to fix that in my memory forever†¦Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley (his eyes closed): Draco Malfoy, the amazing bouncing ferret... Percy Ignatius Weasley: I shudder to think what the state of my in-tray would be if I was away from work for five days.Fred Weasley 1st Twin: Yeah, someone might slip dragon dung in it again, eh, Perce?Percy Ignatius Weasley: That was a sample of fertilizer from Norway! It was nothing personal!Fred Weasley 1st Twin: (whispering to Harry Potter): It was. We sent it. Hermione Jean Granger: You seem to be drowning twice.Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Oh, am I? Id better change one of them to getting trampled by a rampaging Hippogriff. Ronald (Ron) Bilius Weasley: Poor old Snuffles. He must really like you, Harry†¦ Imagine having to live off rats. Book 5: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix Luna Lovegood: No, I think Ill just go down and have some pudding and wait for it all to turn up... It always does in the end. Book 6: Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Professor Albus Percival Wulfric Brian Dumbledore: Let us not deprive Molly any longer of the chance to deplore how thin you are. Book 7: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Peeves: We did it, we bashed them, wee Potters the one. And Voldys gone moldy, so now lets have fun! Fred Weasley 1st Twin: He can run faster than Severus Snape confronted with shampoo. Enid Smeek: Shes nutty as squirrel poo. Auntie Muriel Weasley: You there, give me a chair, Im a hundred and seven!

Eliminating sugar content from foods and replace with miracle berry Essay

Eliminating sugar content from foods and replace with miracle berry - Essay Example Therefore, there are needs to reduce sugar intakes into the body (seems to be impossible especially among children) or introduce an alternative sugar (sweetener) that will not subject the body to these health risks. According to the USDA documents, the consumption of sugar have since increased by 19%, from 1970 to 2005. This statistics indicates that, on average, a person consumes 140 pounds of sugar per year or 30 teaspoons per day. This value is inclusive sugar taken up by the body from different kinds of foods especially the processed foods. The same study revealed that the consumption of corn syrup per person increased by 387% within the same period (Rada, Avena, and Hoebel, 2005). The increased consumption of sugar is largely associated with the increased consumption of the processed foods. Nearly all processed foods contain sugar since sugar is added into these foods as sweetener. Notably, miracle berry, which is noted to be 400,000 times sweeter and healthier than sugar should be used as alternative food sweetener in food processing (Public Health England, 2015). Different research works have indicated that the miracle berry can be used as normal sugar and can be processed into different forms; hence, can as well be used in processing different foods (Inglett and Chen, 2011). Therefore, to reduce or completely eliminate health risks associated with the intake of sugar, all the concern stakeholders should advocate for the elimination of sugar content from foods and replace with healthier miracle berry sweetness. Chen, C., Wu, P., Huang, T., Lin, C., Li, Y., Chou, R., Chang, H., & Wang, H., (2009). The Sour Taste-Modifying Protein (Miraculin), Tyrosinase Inhibitors and Antioxidants from Synsepalum dulcificum. Current Nutrition & Food Sciences. 5. Du, L., Shen, Y., Zhang, X., Prinyawiwatkul, W., & Xu, Z., (2014). Antioxidant-rich phytochemicals in miracle berry

Compare and contrast governmental structure of the Republic of Rome Term Paper

Compare and contrast governmental structure of the Republic of Rome and Ancient Greece - Term Paper Example Ancient Egypt’s leadership is based on the divine rule of the Pharaoh while the Republic of Rome believes to a certain extent in democracy where people are recognized to have a say in the government. II. The new kingdom of ancient Egypt c. 1570 - 1090 The new kingdom of ancient Egypt began when the pharaohs of the eighteenth Dynasty reunited Egypt after the second intermediate period (Edgar et al Chapter 1). In governance, the leadership of ancient Egypt does not recognize democracy (old, middle and new kingdom). People are treated as a subject of a Pharaoh who was believed to be a living god. The pharaoh’s power is not subject to check and balance like those of Rome’s Republic. The pharaoh is the sole authority and needs not confer with a Senate, magistrates or assemblies in its rule. It does not have a tribune because it does not recognize any representation in the form of check and balance. Ancient Egypt adopts the theocratic form of government. Unlike Rome, r eligion plays a central role in Egypt that became a basis of its government and structure (Bauval 35). Due to its theocratic nature, the priests (aside from the pharaoh) were the most esteemed class in ancient Egypt. They also hold vast power because they carry out the decrees of the pharaoh. The government structure of the new kingdom of ancient Egypt was also simple because of the theocratic form of government where all powers in the government emanate from a single person which was the pharaoh. There was also no constitution in ancient Egypt. Perhaps the only thing ancient Egypt shared with the Republic of Rome was that its laws were not written. But unlike in Rome where laws can be proposed and ratified, the laws in Egypt were absolutely based on Ma’at which meant truth and justice, which was to be fair all except the slaves. The officials of ancient Egypt were few unlike in Rome where it has a Senate that is composed of few hundred men, and relatively large number of rep resentatives in its assemblies and magistrates. The officers in ancient Egypt’s government structure are as follows; a. The pharaoh – the ancient Egyptian state was embodied by its king, which was called the pharaoh, a term which literally meant a â€Å"big house† referring to the royal palace but was later referred to the king himself. The king is believed to have supernatural powers and was worshipped and obeyed as a god. The king or the pharaoh is very powerful. In the old kingdom of ancient Egypt, he literally owns the entire land of Egypt and is entitled to all its produce (Thompson 26). Ma’at One of the pharaoh’s primary functions was to mediate between the gods and man, especially in dispensing Ma’at which is the code of behavior and standard of morality of how to do things in ancient Egypt. Ma’at meant â€Å"truth, order, proper behavior and justice (Thompson 26). To sin against Ma' at is to bring chaos into life (Verharen 93 ) b. The viziers – is also known as the tjaty. The vizier is considered as the pharaoh’s right hand. He is also a judge of ancient Egypt’s high court which is the equivalent of Supreme Court today. And just like the Supreme Court, his judgment is final and non appealable. The vizier was also in-charge of the economy and oversees the construction of magnificent temples and buildings (Bob Hobbs 66). c. Nomarch –

Violent prevention programs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Violent prevention programs - Essay Example In the smaller context of family and community inter-action and violence prevention aspect, Jarvis (2011) offers the suggestion of creating a culture of candor. We are also of the strong belief that violence and crime lead in such condition with consequence so dire as the unquantifiable cost of economy and the more severe loses of human lives. It also causes great disturbance to peace, justice and equity. Violence and crime at its most wicked state presents the gravest and most vile threat to effective governance and weakens the very foundation of a growing society. It has been the cause of unmitigated fears and feelings of insecurity which are counter productive. We must lick the occurrences of such incidents from its very sources and origins. The committee overseeing the grant and awards for programs to prevent violence and crime offers the initial evaluation and needed criteria as the guiding principles of implementing the program and selecting the beneficiaries for funding from o ur limited resources.

Virtual era- new features in marketing

Virtual era- new features in marketing Virtual Era- New Features In Marketing Cap Virtual market Forty nine of the Worlds leading food, beverages, and consumer products companies have joined hands to form the largest business to business e-Market place Transora.com. The new company is the first of its kind owned by the consumer products industry. Transora will help consumer products companies across the world to streamline business transactions with their buyers, suppliers and distributors through the internet. Transoras services will span the entire supply chain-from suppliers to manufactures to retailers-and provide procurement, vendor, and product catalogues, online order management, supply chain collaboration, and financial services. The companies have committed nearly us $ 250 million for funding Transora (CBI News Bulletin, July/august 2000) The buzz word viral marketing and coral advertising and virtual marketing refers to marketing techniques that use pre-existing social networks produce increase in brand awareness or to achieve other marketing objectives (such as product sales) through self replicating viral processes, analogues to the spread of pathological and computer viruses. It can be word of mouth delivered or enhanced by the network effects of the internet. Viral promotions may take the form of video clips, interactive flash games, Adver games, EBooks, brand able software, images, or even text messages. The goal of marketers interested in creating successful viral marketing programs is to identify individuals with high social networking potential and create viral messages that appeal to this segment of the population and have a high probability of being taken by another competitor. The term viral marketing or virtual marketing has been also used pejoratively to refer to stealth marketing campaigns- the unscrupulous use of astroturfing on line combined with under market advertising in shopping centers to create the impression of spontaneous word of mouth enthusiasm. Internet marketing Internet marketing also referred to as marketing, web marketing, online marketing or eMarketing is the marketing of products or services over the internet. The internet has brought media to a global audience. The interactive nature of internet marketing in terms of providing instant response and eliciting responses is a unique quality of the medium. Internet marketing is sometimes considered to have a broader scope because it only refers to the internet, email, and wireless media, but it includes management of digital customer data and electronic Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system. Internet marketing ties together creative and technical aspects of the internet, including design, development, advertising, and sales. Internet marketing also refers to the placement of media along with different stages of the Customer Engagement Cycle through search engine Marketing(SEM), Search Engine Optimization(SEO), banner ads on specific websites, email marketing, and web 2.0 strategies. In 2008 the New York Times, working with co score, published an initial estimate to quantify the user data collected by large internet based companies. Counting four types of interactions with company websites in addition to the hits from advertisements served from advertising networks, the authors found the potential for collecting data upward of 2500 times on average per user per month. E-Marketing EMarketing is a subset of e business that utilize electronic medium to perform marketing activities and achieve desired marketing objectives for an organization. Internet marketing, interactive marketing, and mobile marketing for example, are all the form of e marketing. E-Business EBusiness means utilizing electronic medium in everyday business activities. There are several levels of involvement in when it comes to EBusiness. For example where one organization relies completely on e business the second one way chooses a mixed presence and means of doing business. Difference Difference Between E-Business, E-Commerce, And E-Marketing eBusiness is a very broad entity dealing with the entire complex system that comprises a business that uses electronic medium to perform or assist its overall or specialized business activities. eCommerce is best described in a transactional context. So for example an electronic transition of funds, information, or entertainment falls under the category handled by principles of eCommerce. Technically e commerce is a part of e business eMarketing is also a part of e business that involves electronic medium to achieve marketing objectives. E marketing is set on a strategic level in addition to traditional marketing and business strategy. Difference Between E Marketing And Interactive Marketing eMarketing is a broader term that describes any marketing activity performed via electronic medium. Interactive marketing is generally a sub of eMarketing that involves a certain level of interaction. Difference Between E-Markeitng And Internet Or Web Marketing: There is no real difference between eMarketing and internet or web marketing. However, with the arrival of mobile technologies such as PDAs and 3G mobile phones, as well as interactive television, both terms would see eMarketing and internet or web marketing as subtly different, for example chaffy; Internet {or web} marketing is achieving marketing objectives through applying digital technologies. eMarketing is achieving marketing objectives through use of electronic communications technology. Whilst this distinction is wholly acceptable, it is difficult to see where the distinction lies between digital technologies and electronic communications technologies, especially with the convergence of technologies such as mobile devices. Advantages Of E-Marketing Following are some of the advantages of e marketing: Reduction in costs through automation and use of electronic media. Faster response to both marketers and the end user. Increased ability to measure and collect data. Opens the possibility to a market of one through personalization. Increased interactivity. Disadvantages Of E-Marketing Following are some disadvantages of eMarketing: lack of personal approach , Defensibility on technology, Security, privacy issues, Maintenance costs due to a constantly evolving environment, Higher transparency of pricing and increased price promotion, Worldwide competition through globalization. E-Marketing Plan eMarketing plan is a strategic document developed through analysis and research and is aimed at achieving marketing objectives via electronic media. eMarketing plan represents a sub set of organizations overall marketing plans supports the general business strategy. Every good eMarketing plan must be developed in line with the organizations overall marketing plan. In a broad sense e marketers generally start by analyzing the current micro- and macro economic situation of the organization. eMarketers must observe both internal and external factors when developing an e marketing plan as trends in both micro environment elements are: pricing, suppliers, customers. Examples or macro environment are: socio economic, political, demographics and legal factors. In order to reduce a viable e marketing solution, e marketers must first understand the current situation of the company and its environment, profile, segment the target market and then strategically position the products as to achieve optimal response with the target market. This is generally achieved through SWOT analysis. By assessing organizations strengths and weaknesses and looking at current opportunities and threats one can devise an e marketing strategy that can improve the organizations bottom line. E-Marketing(In Brief) eMarketing is essentially a part of marketing. But What is the difference between eMarketing and internet or web marketing? What are the eMarketing tools? And how do marketers plan for eMarketing? The American marketing association definition 2004 is as follows: Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. Therefore e marketing by its very nature is one aspect of an organizational function and a set of process for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. As such an aspect, eMarketing has its own approaches and tools that contribute to the achievement of marketing goals and objectives. This also helps us to differentiate between eMarkeitng and eCommerce, since eCommerce is simply buying and selling online: What Are The E-Marketing Tools? The internet has a number of tools to offer to the marketer. A company can distribute via the internet e.g. amazon.com, A company can use the internet as a way of building and maintaining a customer relationship e.g. Dell.com, The money collection part of a transaction could be done online e.g. electricity and telephone bills, Leads can be generated by attracting potential customers to sign up for short periods of time, before signing up for the long-term e.g. which.co.uk, The internet could be used for advertising e.g. Google Adwords, Finally, the web can be used as a way of collecting direct responses e.g. as part of a voting system for a game show. How Do Marketers Plan For E-Marketing? There are two ways to looking it; An existing organization may embark upon some eMarkeitng as part of their marketing plan. An organization trades solely on the internet and so their marketing plan focuses purely on eMarketing. The marketing plan in either case is the next step, whether focused upon eMarketing or all, marketing. The next lessons focus upon a tailor-made eMarketing plan which conforms to the Acronym AOSTC {from our generic marketing planning session} Situation Analysis For VIRTUAL Marketing The situation analysis for eMarketing bridges the internal audit and competitor research. It answers the question where are we now in terms of our marketing (internal v/s external perspective)? The analysis literally considers your eMarkeitng situation by considering the fit between internal and external factors. There are similarities with traditional concepts and techniques, but you need to focus upon digital commerce. Here we consider the 5ss of internet marketing, the customer life cycle, and the application of SWOT analysis. The Customer Life Cycle (CLC) The customer life cycle is a tool that creation and delivery of lifetime value to customers i.e. CLC looks at products and services that customers need throughout their lives. It is market oriented rather than product oriented. Key stages of the customer relationship are considered. SWOT Analysis-Ranked And Weighted SWOT analysis is a tool for auditing an organization and its environment. It is the first stage of planning and helps marketers to focus on key issues. SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Some of the problems that you may encounter with SWOT are as a result of one of its key benefits i.e. its flexibility. Since SWOT analysis can be used in a variety of scenarios, it has to be flexible. To overcome these issues, one should employ a power SWOT. SWOT Analysis-Power SWOT SWOT analysis is a marketing audit that considers an organizations strengths, weaknesses opportunities and threats. Our introductory lesson gives you the basics of how to compete your SWOT as you begin to learn about marketing tools. As you learn more about SWOT analysis, you will become aware of a number of potential limitations with this popular tool. This lesson aims to help you overcome potential pitfalls. Some of the problems that you may encounter with SWOT are as a result of one of its key benefits i.e. flexibility since SWOT analysis can be used in a variety of scenarios, it has to be flexible. However this can lead to a number of anomalies. Problems with basis SWOT analysis can be addressed using a more critical power SWOT. Power is an acronym for personal experience, order, weighting, emphasizing detail, and rank priorities. This is how it works. How do you the marketing manager fit in relation with the SWOT analysis? You bring your experiences, skills, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs to the audit. Your perception or simple gut feeling will impact the SWOT. Often marketing managers will in adversely reverse opportunities and strengths, and threats and weaknesses. This is because the line between internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats is sometimes difficult to spot. For example, in relation to global warming and climate change, one could mistake environmentalism as a threat rather than a potential opportunity. Too often elements of a SWOT analysis are not weighted. Naturally some points will be more controversial than others, so weight the factors. One way would be to use percentages e.g. threat a=10%, threat b=70%, and threat =20 %{ they total 100%} Detail, reasoning, and justification are often omitted from the SWOT analysis. Where one tends to find is that the analysis contains lists of single words. For example, under opportunities one might find the term technology. This stage word does not tell a reader very much. What is really meant is: Technology enables marketers to communicate via mobile devices close to the point of purchase. This provides the opportunity of a distinct competitive advantage for our company. This will greatly assist you when deciding upon best to score and weight each element. Once detail has been added, and factors have been revived for weighting, you can then progress to give the SWOT analysis some strategic meaning i.e. you can begin to select those factors that will most greatly influence your marketing strategy albeit a mix of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threatens. Essentially you rank them highest to lowest, and then prioritize those with the highest rank e.g. where opportunity c= 60% opportunity a= 25% and opportunity b = 10% you marketing plan would address opportunity c first, and opportunity b last. It is important to address opportunities primarily since your business should be market oriented. Then match strengths to opportunities and look for a fit. Address any gaps between current strengths and future opportunities. Finally attempt to rephrase threats as opportunities (as with global warming and climate change above), and address weaknesses so that they become strengths, Gap analysis would be bridge the gap between them. Competitor Research For Virtual Marketing (External Perspective) As you plan for eMarketing and during the plans implementation, one needs to play careful attention to the activities of competitors, so competitors research for eMarketing is essential when attempting to answer the question where are we now (external perspective). There are a number of approaches that can be employed, with the emphasis on each approach shifting depending upon the nature of our e business and market. Here are some key tools of competitor research for eMarketing. Use search engines. General topics such as Google, yahoo And msn Type names of competitors Type industry, product or term Search ‘down in to a directory structure e.g. yahoo Search a competitors web site Product information , press released, job opportunities Pricing information Distribution information such as where to buy. Hunt for trade associations Search for personal pages or blogs Different perspective e.g. fans, ex-employees. e.g. www. blogger. com , Â  www. myspace. com, Â  www. youtube. Com. Ask your target market. Send question to named personnel, newsgroups, personal pages, mailing lists. Conduct a survey using. Buy secondary reports e.g. data monitors, mintel. Newsgroups and post queries, newsgroups on bulletin boards or forums Deja. com(Google) Read online financial information research public companies iii.co.uk ample up ft.com up Read online competitive information. e.g. hoovers.com paid for, inus Study demographic reports statistics.gov.uk/ census in up census.gov inus Original source material Business source elite, newspapers, Kellys compass. Monitor special interest material Business source elite, newspaper, Kellys, compass. Monitor special interest material. E.g. marketing week (BSE), campaign (BSE), marketing (BSE). Use a professional researcher EMarketing Mix The eMarketing mix is essentially the same as the marketing mix. it is simply the adaption of price, place product, and promotion to the eMarketing context. Of course one could also include physical evidence, people, and process when marketing planning for an online service. Below are a series of lessons that consider how markets can apply the eMarketing mix to their organizations own product, service, brand, or solution. E marketing Price The eMarketing mix is simply an adaptation of the traditional marketing mix and ‘P for price. However, the internet has influenced how online businesses price in a number of ways. E Marketing Place {Place Tactics As Part Of The E-Marketing Mix.) The e marketing space consists of new internet companies that have emerged as the internet has developed, as well as those pre-existing companies that new employ eMarketing approaches as part of their overall marketing plan. For some companies the internet is an additional channel that enhances or replaces their traditional channel of place. Pre Existing companies that have adopted eMarketing These are traditional companies that trade on the internet, Banking and financial services e.g. HSBC bank. Banks and financial services have benefited tremendously from the popularity of internet usage. There is a mixture of new online banks and traditional banks, both offering online banking services. Essentially banks no longer need to invest in high cost, high street selling unit i.e. old fashioned town-based banks. Labor costs have also been reduced since much of the traditional banking bureaucracy is done using it and the use of overseas call centers has meant that salaries are much lower. Software also means that customers can be retained by using Customer Relationship Management (CRM) eMarketing approaches. E marketing Product Considered product as part of the marketing mix. Two previous tools for product decision-making have been introduced- Product Life Cycle (PLC) and the three levels of a product. Both of these tools and equally applicable to the context of e marketing and can be easily applied to include e marketing and product. For example a product marketed solely online will go through a life cycle in the same unpredictable way as a product marketed through any traditional channel (PLC). Products marketed online will have a core benefit tot eh customer, be an actual tangible product, with augmentation that ads value such as insurance, warranties and so on three levels of a product). Although tools actually specify the term ‘product, they can be easily adapted to include brands. Services or solutions. E marketing product/business matrix (depicted below should be used in conjunction with Product Life Cycle (PLC) and the three levels of a product. It represents additional tools for audit that bridges existing businesses and new online start-us, and existing products and new products. It allows marketers to categories those marketing on the internet as an online extender, an online alternative, an online innovator (existing business), and Oran online innovator (online start-up). Let us look at it in more detail; A- Online Extender An on line extender is an existing business that has a strategy whereby it extends its marketing activities to the internet. It could be any traditional, terrestrial organization that has historically grown through using traditional channels of distribution to get existing products, brands, services, or solutions to market. B- Online Alternatives The online alternative is a new start-up that uses the internet as an original channel of distribution to get products, brands, services or solutions, currently available elsewhere, to, arekt. Some segments may be better targeted with this online alternative for example remote or fragmented markets. C And D- Online Innovators Online innovators come in two forms; C- Online innovators are existing businesses that see a benefit to launching new and innovative products, brands, services or solutions online by leveraging new technology. Existing businesses have a wealth of knowledges and learning that underpin their moves onto the web. Remember, the internet is not a business paradigm shift (at last not yet) and so current business approaches are often adapted for the internet. Existing businesses have experience. D- Online innovators are start-ups that seize the opportunities to launch new and innovative products, brands, services, or solutions online. Deposit not having as much knowledge and learning as some of their competitors, they are flexible and can move much more quickly. Start-ups often experience. We have already considered product as part of the marketing mix. Two previous tools for product decision- making have been introduced product life cycle and the three level of a product. E Marketing Promotion It looks at ways of increasing the popularity of your website by looking at the internal optimization of the website itself. It considers many important ways of building your traffic, including Search Engine Optimization (SEO) approaches. It looks at ways of increasing the popularity of your website by looking at external sources of internet advertising. Lesson internet marketing and promotion: internet advertising. This lesson looks at ways of increasing the popularity of your website by looking at external sources of internet advertising. Pay per click advertising Google ad words. Google ad words are a Cost per Click (CPC) online advertising program. Identically that means that you decide upon key word that relates closely to your product or service. Using Googles tools, you price how much it would cost your per click for your chosen keyword- this could be lucent, $1.50 or more, depending on the popularity of the keyword. So the keyword marketing would be more expensive than the keyword marketing cheese china because of its level of popularity. You then allocate a budget, and pay Google by credit card. You can control the length of your campaign, or end it as soon as the money in PPC management (Pay per Click Management) or recruit a verified Google awards professional. Adverts appear alongside Google search results- so go to Google and search for marketing. The ads appearing alongside the main search results are cps. Ads also appear on selected content websites-such as www.chichesteuk.com-look at the adverts along the top, and down the right hand column- this is where ads based upon the keyword chic ester would appear. You only pay for adverts that get clicked- not for page views- so you pay nothing if your advert is simply viewed. There is also an opportunity for ‘Smart pricing whereby you pay more for the advert if a sale is guaranteed e.g. you have a website based upon fishing- you write a review of a new type of fishing rod, the visitor then sees an ad for the same rod in an ad words text ad running on the same page then clicks on it and buys from the advertiser. Adwords is a very targeted and controllable way of online advertising hence the huge rises in income and profit for Google over recent times. EMarketing Price (Pricing Tactics As Part Of The E-Marketing Mix.) The eMarketing mix is simply an adaption of the traditional marketing mix and ‘P for price. However the internet has influenced how online businesses price in a number of ways. International pricing and competition give consumers access to the lowest price for any generic good. For example, British consumers benefit when buying products from the United States since there is almost two dollar to the pound. Conversely this makes British goods more expensive to the American consumer. So it is cheap to buy spectacles from a us website and then to import them into the UK (even including transport costs and import taxes) Online auctions are a popular and innovative way of pricing, for example ebay. Here you register with the online auction company as a seller and/or a buyer. You can place an item into auction where buyers bid against each other. The highest bidder wins. The auction websites takes a commission. The commission is factored into the price you pay. Greater access to pricing information, more quickly and in a format that makes pricing comparable and transparent. There are a number of sites that will compare and contrast prices for the same or similar goods and services e.g. prices on car insurance. Pricing could also include the cost of an online advertising medium such as Google ad words. Here an online supplier would buy a keyword located in a text or image based advert onto Googles own search engine or onto a website belonging to a Google publisher. For example you search term hair straightness on Google and you are directed to a site about hair dressing. On this site is plenty of information about hair straightening, placed next to some contextual adverts. You click on the advert and you are taken to a site selling hair dressing supplies. You buy the hair straightness and your supplier pay a small ‘Pay-Per-Click fee which is split between Google and their publisher. This is factored into the price you pay. Traditional Pricing Tactics Used In E-Marketing Of course the internet marketers still has a whole selection of the more traditional pricing approaches to choose from that can be adapted to eMarketing scenarios: Premium Pricing E.g. Selling Music Via ITunes. Penetration pricing e.g. giving away free subscription to land grab market share for new start ups such as youtube.com and myspace.com. Economy pricing e.g. selling basic products and services online likes basic design or paperclips. Price skimming e.g. new product launches online such as albums or games. Psychological pricing e.g. products and services sold at 99p or $99.99 (price point perspective). Product line pricing e.g. subscription 1 @ free, subscription 2 @ $10.00(with added value) and subscription 3 @ $49.99 for 10 year. Pricing variations e.g. budget airlines selling tickets online where the first tickets bought are the cheapest, and the last ones bought tend to be more expensive. Optional product pricing e.g. selling a holiday online with travel insurance. Captive product pricing e.g. once you buy virus software from one brand, your updates must also come from them. Product bundle pricing e.g. buying internet access which comes with free online phone calls. Promotional pricing e.g. betting incentives, such as free dollars to gambles online for current customers that gamble on football games to tempt them to play online pocker, or vouchers with codes sent by email as rewards e.g. Amazon.com. Geographical Pricing e.g. Microsoft pricing in different currencies in different international markets. Search Marketing {Overture And Yahoo} Overture is the yahoo equivalent of Googles ad words. Now known as yahoo Search marketing, overture has a series of sub-products that make up its internet marketing program. Here some examples: 1) Sponsored search: Displays your advert at the top of the search engine results. So your potential customers search for a ‘keyword and your advert appears at the top of the results page. Again, as this ad words, the advertisers bid against each other to obtain the position that will generate the most convertible traffic to their site. Popular keywords will cost more-obviously. 2) Local advertising: Gets your business listed in yahoos business directory. So if you wish to promote products in specific regions next to specific search keywords, this is a much targeted geographical services. Overture has many other similar services such as search submit, product submit, travel submit and director submit that could be considered. Affiliate Marketing Affiliate Marketing is where an organization offers and incentive to other web based organizations to market the products or services that it offers. So a company selling surfboards could have affiliate destinations. The affiliate program is supplied by one organization whereas the affiliate is the website that promotes on behalf of the supplying organization. Put simply affiliate marketing is a basic agency arrangement. There is rarely and pay per click cash, but affiliates tend to take a commission on any goods sold as a result of the click. What does it look like? Affiliate marketing sees a banners advert or a text advert placed upon an affiliates website. When the advert attracts a click, the visitor is taken through to the site that originated the affiliated program. No cash changes hands until there is a sale, but affiliate rewards tend to be higher than regular pay per click. Commission Junction (CJ) is a well known example of an affiliate marketing company. CJ acts as an intermediary between affiliate programs. Suppliers of all types and sizes. So if you have a successful website, that does well in the search engines and is popular with visitors, you such old register with CJ and place affiliate add on to your site. Offline promotions strategies. Of course to promote website you should also consider offline promotion strategies such as those used by non internet businesses. Our lesson store contains lessons on promotion (as part of the marketing mix) and also marketing communication (and its own mix) here selection of other suitable approaches to offline promotion: Create a media release or announce a media conference regarding yo

The Definition of Success :: Definition Essays

The Definition of Success 'One has achieved success who has lived well and laughed often.'; This quote seems to sum up what is meant by success. If you are able to laugh often and much then you have definitely achieved happiness. The idea of living well, though, is a very broad statement. In order, then, to define success in relation to this statement, we must first define what it means to live well. There are three levels of success, in my opinion: societal success, personal success, and academic or professional success. If someone can achieve all of these three levels of success, they are someone who has lived well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Societal success is something that is attained by aspiring to reach your own goals and dreams in cohorts with the goals that society has for us. Societal success also has a lot to do with the natural tendencies we as humans posses. The typical societal goals that we would naturally have for ourselves would be to meet someone, fall in love and get married. We are also apt to identify having good friends with having achieved socially. We have achieved societal success, typically, if we have met the right person, lived happily, started a family and raised our children well. A part of societal success is also to learn to treat people well; to practice the 'golden rule.'; We need to fill these goals that society has for us and attempt to achieve societal success in order to fill our need to belong to society and fit in as an every day, functioning member of society. We also realize the personal goals and dreams that we set for ourselves in this pursuit of conformity. A chieving this civic success, as you might call it, is only a small part of our venture to living well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Personal success is also a big part of living well. 'There is only one success . . . to be able to spend your life in your own way, and not to give others absurd maddening claims upon it.'; This quote by Christopher Morley describes what is really meant by personal success. Personal success has to do with being happy. One can only be truly happy if they are happy and secure with themselves. Personal success is about being yourself and not being afraid to do so. It is about not letting others dictate your life or make you feel that you have to change who you are.

Methods of Teaching

Teachers are the main disseminators of knowledge in the schools and society. They occupy the enviable position of being the main interpreters of knowledge for the next generation and future leaders. In order to make this knowledge viable, it requires pedagogical skills that are capable to serve the minorities and all other populations equitably.Most people are locked out during the dissemination of knowledge not because they are not in the teaching venue at the right time, but because their way of knowing is not incorporated into the teaching styles and strategies (Karl, 1997).According to Lev Vygotskyas Social development theory we find that he states the cognitive development of a child is influenced by social interaction he says that while biological factors highly influence development, they just don’t occur in isolation. He says that the social environment in child’s life matters a lot in his development. He reasons that adult guidance and child’s problem so lving early in life are things that affect cognitive growth. He calls it proximal development zone.He says that this is the zone where learning takes place. This is also where the child learns from the peers. Children learn speech and writing from their immediate social environment. These are tools that develop from culture and they help children to communicate their needs (Gardner and Jerome, 2001). He reasoned that language and thought are co exist, none can happen without the other. The Neo –Vygotsian approach to child development is more effective than the radical approach.Which was used in the past didn’t provide students with an environment that encouraged learning where they play an active role in their learning and education. Through this they also influence their peers’ education. Both the teacher and students play untraditional roles together to enhance learning. Collaboration between the teacher and students in learning is better than where the teache r dictates to the students what to do. The students then just do the recitation, which is not good learning.Education or learning where the students and teachers share ideas to enhance learning is the best. According to Vygotsky classroom arrangement should enhance small groups of the students to discuss. This can be done by creating more workspace by having tables and tables clustered. This is where the students can easily interact. In such a case communal learning is encouraged in the class. Teachers develop an instruction set up that is above the students’ development level to help them develop to the next levelFrom the above theory I can therefore say that Teaching strategies can be defined as the means whereby teachers and instructors use diverse teaching methods or techniques in conveying information to a class of students or those people who are required to gain new knowledge. There are various forms of techniques that can be utilized which include expository teaching, interactive teaching, Small group teaching or discussion, inquiry teaching or problem solving, Individualization method of teaching and models of reality.This paper will focus on small group discussions and interactive methods of teaching (Gardner and Jerome, 2001). In my position I do not support the constructivism since it is a way of teaching that involve the students to get information through observation and experimentation in this case we find that constructivism method can be described as presentation by the teacher or lecturer to a big group of learners whereby the presence of active learning in the class is limited and only the teacher or lecturer takes the whole time designated for the lesson outlining whatever to be learned.This method can only be efficient and the best method if strategies that are active should be incorporated. Usually teachers are characterized by longer hours with a lot of topics to be covered which have led to the approach being inefficient, I find it to be a complex method of teaching and that it should be discouraged by any teacher (Bruner, 1996).since I believe that the constructivism is a complex method of teaching, In order to yield good teaching results in my profession I therefore choose the following types of teaching methods which are the small group discussions and the interactive teaching methods as the appropriate strategies for teaching Small Group Discuss Discussion is found to be the most important strategies applied in many learning institutions which usually involve the division of the students in class into a number of groups that are meant to represent certain points of view on the identified topic that is regarded as the most compromising subject.Under group discussions we find that there are those who support the argument, that is the proponents or those for, and those who oppose the issue referred to as those against or the critics, this actually indicates the benefits of the team work in many learning in stitutions whereby we find that students involve themselves in a number of debates through character or even assuming different roles (Print, 1993).These discussions are also believed to be leading to the achieving of new knowledge because by arguing it out a point, there is an opportunity of integrating ideas and hence conclusions arrived at being useful in the learning process. Since it is a discussing process which can generate more new knowledge it should be encouraged in learning institutions, therefore the strategies that can be applied to encourage team work in schools is that the management should ensure that courses should be introduced that only requires discussions as a method of learning where participants will be required to compile the outcome of their discussions.Teachers should constantly utilize the discussion approach especially on contemporary issues which require further research (Gardner and Jerome, 2001). The use of this approach should be encouraged in trainin g, primary, secondary, adult, and in the higher learning of institutions such as the universities because it provides an opportunity to argue or oppose certain subject which is an issue which can lead to generation of new ideas.However, it should strongly be recommended to adult, training and in the university institutions because with such knowledge the learners can utilize in the working environment when they are employed. In the primary level those who are in upper classes can be introduced to debates so that they are familiar with the approach and also get to know that constructive debate about an issue is not bad but can lead to gaining of new knowledge (Bruner, 1960).The only limitation exist in this strategy is that, there is a tendency of laziness and time wastage since students are left to choose on what topics to discuss on at their own time and may request their instructor to present their findings at their own convenient time, that is, when they feel that they have fully exhausted the topic to discuss on. Small group discussions are regarded as the best strategy to learning and it is said to be democratic since it gives freedom to the learners and the teachers.Through which they are given an opportunity to organize themselves in groups that everyone that allow individuals to raise different opinions relating to the particular issue under discussion without any restrictions. Under this strategy everyone is entitled to give contributions is given an opportunity to air his/her opinions without victimization or favors. Further the aspect of freedom of scheduling the activities by the students and the presence of good environment makes discussions more democratic and interesting (Print, 1993).Interactive Method of Teaching Interactive teaching is one whereby learners are provided with an interactive environment where they can express their views, opinions, suggestions and have an opportunity to support their arguments. It involves both the teacher and t he learner where the teacher comes up with the topic to be discussed which is open to any form of criticisms or additions to the main point. This interactive teaching method can be utilized whereby there is a big number of audience or learners expected to gain from the knowledge being passed.This method is found to be effective only if active methods of learning are introduced. The aspect of interactive learning should be incorporated in order to avoid boredom and tiredness among the participants. It should not only be done through talking by the speaker but also the use of boards and lecturers being open discussions should be considered (Print, 1993). The time of interacting should be revised as often as it is allocated a lengthy time frame which has been the main reason behind boredom and tiredness among the partners.Good communication skills by the teachers should be encouraged in order to pass clearly the intended messages to the learners which lead to solving the most common pr oblem of ambiguity, that is, to enhance passage of clear messages to the listeners or the participants. It is also advisable that lecturing should be encouraged if the topics to be covered are easy and to understand and also interesting to the learners and thus making them more attentive because there will be no boredom and tiredness during the session or lesson and hence gaining knowledge (Karl, 1997).The interactive teaching method is found to be prescriptive because it does not give the learner an opportunity to air their views or make suggestions. Usually it gives the teacher or the instructor an opportunity to decide for the students thus being prone to being an effective approach. It is a rigid way since it does not provide an opportunity to participants to make any suggestions concerning the subject matter thus there limited generation of new ideas.The students normally have to follow the set course outline and they are not open to criticize anything even if they are unsatisf ied thus rendering this approach to be narrow in terms of the output expected. The lecturer has to come up with what is required and to be covered in the cause and this depends mostly on his professionalism in relation to his duties. For example the topics to be covered during the lecture might be formulated in such a way that some important topics are left out may be because the lecturer may not be conversant with the topics (Gardner and Jerome, 2001).The use of interactive whiteboards should be encouraged. Recent studies have looked at how interactive whiteboards influences learning and teaching processes in schools. It suggests that whiteboards offer visual display that go in line with the explanations offered by the teacher thus helps students to understand better. It further outlines that the use of technologies in methods like debate and lectures can act as a motivational effect especially when used at the primary school level.For this interactive teaching method to prosper, w e find that many schools are found to be using the Information and Communication Technology which refers to technologies used to collect, store, edit and pass on information in various forms these ICT technologies that are utilized include; Interactive whiteboard, Videoconferencing, PowerPoint research presentation, and Internet use. For example during class lessons, the teacher can use the laptops in presentation when explaining an issue to the students (Bruner, 1960).Another technique that can be utilized in the interactive method of teaching is the radio broadcasts which are regarded as day to day learning procedures in many learning institutions most radio programs are said to be like lectures because they usually educate the public and the students. Sometimes the conversions are open to callers who make their suggestions thus coming up with different opinions. Recent studies have looked at how interactive whiteboards influences learning and teaching processes in schools.It sugg ests that whiteboards offer visual display that go in line with the explanations offered by the teacher thus helps students to understand better. It further outlines that the use of technologies in methods like debate and lectures can act as a motivational effect especially when used at the primary school level. (Print, 1993) Creative Thinking Creative thinking is defined as the process of thinking that enables the mind of an individual to improve its ability of being creative, this in simple terms means that it is a process bringing in new and different ideas from the existing ones.Research indicates that there are different types of creative thinking examples of the creative thinking are; the expressive creativity this type of thinking is believed to be occurring most often in children which is presented by children through their drawing and playing, the productive creativity this is the type of thinking which is practiced by many scientists since it involves the process of a cont inuous production that is characterized by the urge of creating but not expressing, the other type of a creative thinking is that of an inventive creativity thinking which is always geared towards solving and improving the technology in question. Research indicates that this creative thinking is always characterized by its ability to be nurtured and changed by an individual (Ennis, 1991). Research indicates that those individuals using the creative way of thinking actually indulge in the making of instinctive approaches to the existing solutions depending on the insights and perception surrounding the situation.Here we find that in the process of taking information through individuals’ senses, the brain therefore functions in the following process that is after the information is gathered the brain is enabled to reach a decision through the process of thinking or even feeling, and in normal cases these decisions are therefore allowed to through the judgment process under whic h is found to be relating to the brains approaches towards the global externally thus the brain is found to be dealing with the judgment on how individuals handle their daily activities, therefore an individual using the right side of the brain are said to be preferring situations to be put in an orderly and an organized manner including the factor of neatness and a good establishment before reaching a conclusion (Tama,1989). The people using the creative thinking are therefore divided in two that is the perceivers and the judgers. Under this grouping the judgers are said to first of all come up with a plan which will enable a number of things to be done before getting a solution thus the brain allows them to get ready by making sure that their work is done in advance, thus bringing in the idea of them preferring their solutions to be prepared, worked upon and brought to a solution with a particular plan to move on at a later time (Bruner, 1996).The other types of individuals using the creative thinking are the perceivers who are believed to be having an affinity of postponing decisions with the progress of seeking for different options by actually dealing with socializing with other people, listening to others, farming among other activities, this indicates that they usually proceed unexpectedly, the brain makes them not to plan for their solutions in advance and they usually do their obligations at the last minute (Gardner and Jerome,2001). Therefore in this case we find that when many people are found to be more concentrated with either the creative or the critical thinking of the brain in the process of dealing with facts and logic when solving a situation. The majority of the individuals do not understand the problems that always go hand in hand with the elements of social knowledge. Under their expectations and achievements, those applying the use of both types of thinking, usually plan more as compared to what they would actually achieve in actual terms . Future possibilities in them are easily connected with the feelings of the persons affected.Compared to the individuals using a single type of thinking, who are less genuine in interest and exceptional awareness in their day to day activities; they are special in giving in to the interest their personal experiences, thus they fail to have a strong need for intimate relationships which are usually needed for close interrelations in the society, thus failing in the solving of particular problems (Beyer, 1987). The best example of a creative thinking is the personal experience is the relationship I had between me and my students in a classroom, whereby as a teacher I had a role to motivate a creative thinking to my student, in this case we find that I used a method referred to as a Comprehensive Assessment Test which is an average assessment for students whose outcome represents the position of a particular student in relation to their capability of achieving a learning standard that is always expected by others.Being a teacher I was given the opportunity of enabling my student to undertake the assessment in a number of activities which features the knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation practiced on her by me, I utilized the following procedures to make her exercise successful (Tama,1989). Benchmarks- under this research indicates that it always involve the setting up of the students ability of creative thinking and solving problems, here I provided the student with a reading test, whereby I ensured that the student was served with the mandate of analyzing, understanding and assessing the information provided to her and then follow the measures required to carry out the exercise. In this test the students’ creative thinking surpasses the essential comprehension of many test questions I gave the student (Bruner, 1960).In this case the student was also put in the practice of reading passages which allowed her to be able to create meaning from the number of texts she read, the passages were always provided in two forms, one consisting of two to three literary passages such as short stories, poems, historical fiction among others, while the second one carries four to five informational passages such as texts derived from magazines, diaries and newspaper articles Among others (Anderson, 1990) Multiple Choices- this is another method that I the teacher applied in the students’ learning to motivate a creative thinking to her; in this case, I gave her a question and four choices of answers, where she was recommended to choose the most excellent answer for the available question.Short Response Task- here, I provided the student with a number of questions with a space of eight lines below the question requiring her to write their answers in a duration of five minutes, this particular response carries two points scoring rubric, whereby, the I ensured that the student applies the read, think and expla in concept in answering the questions thus the student was needed to be creative in answering the questions provided to her (Karl, 1997). Extended Response Task- This involved a question with a symbol carrying fourteen lines just next to the question which allowed the student to give a longer written answer; here I gave the student more time, at least ten minutes to answer the provided questions, these responses always carry four point scores. This method is usually designed with an objective of improving the students understanding abilities (Anderson, 1990). To apply all these methods of creative thinking in my students’ learning I actually needed her to use her critical thinking in order to succeed in answering the questions I provided to her. ConclusionIn order to yield good teaching results in my profession I therefore choose the above techniques of teaching methods which is the small group discussions, the interactive and creative thinking teaching methods as the appropr iate strategies for teaching as compared to the other teaching methods which are stated to be the complex methods of teaching, like the constructivism teaching should be discouraged since it is stated to be one of the most complex method of teaching by any teacher, in this case we find that it is actually passive and involves the teacher take the major part of participation such as organizing the information that is to be conveyed to the students in a manner that will enhance their understanding on the particular topic, we also find that in this method there is no room for the students to offer their views on the subject being discussed, it is regarded as the most inefficient mode of teaching and has contributed mostly to deterioration of education standards around the world (Print, 1993). Reference: Anderson, G. (1990) Teaching Creativity for Professional Growth and Personal Reward. NACTA Journal; 34 (4) pp 53-56. Beyer, B (1987) Practical Strategies for the Teaching of Thinking, B oston MA, Allyn &Bacon Inc Bruner, J. (1996) the Culture of Education- Cambridge, Mass- Harvard University PressBruner, J (1960) the Process of Education- Cambridge, Mass- Harvard University Press Ennis, R. (1991). Critical Thinking; a Streamlined Conception, Teaching Philosophy 14 (1), 6-20 Gardner, H. , Jerome B (2001) Modern Thinkers on Education from Piaget to the present, in J, Palmer 50 edition London: Routledge Karl, A. (1997): Children-Schools & Inequality- Boulder, Co Westview Tama, C (1989) Critical Thinking has a Place in Every Classroom. Journal of Reading, 30, 63-66. Parkerson, D (2001): Transitions in American Education, a Social History of Teaching Routledge; Vol. 242 pp. 14-19 Print, M. (1993) Curriculum development & design second edition St Leonards Allen & Unwin Publishing

Global Pollution Essays

Global Pollution Essays Global Pollution Paper Global Pollution Paper Pass). Noise Pollution noise is usually associated with construction work although modern preventive measures may substantially reduce the amount of noise (in the neighboring community). Noise may adversely affect your health including effects such as: stress, sleep disturbance, high blood pressure and even hearing loss. Construction pollution involves the following main types of construction work: 1. Building construction pollution represents the generation of construction contamination at sites where buildings are constructed which may involve also a demolition phase (if the construction site has an existing building 2. Road construction pollution represents the generation Of construction contamination at sites where roads are built Construction Pollution Prevention and Cost Recovery * Personal damage. From the perspective of the public, the best prevention is to spend as little time as possible outside (e. G. , in your yard or balcony) close to a construction site during operation time. Additionally, having a rich vegetation around your home (and between the home and the construction site) will act as a natural filter for the generated pollution, reducing the amount of pollution you may corner in contact with. So, planting in your yards or even pot plants in a balcony can help. The greener the better. Also, regular spraying of water around the home will reduce the amount of dust and exposure through inhalation, although the soil and water pollution may increase (but these are less directly affecting you than air! ). However, if you believe you are already negatively impacted by a construction site in the vicinity, especially if you have been recently diagnosed with a medical condition involving the respiratory system, you may be entitled to compensation. Evaluate your pollution case for free. * Property damage. From the perspective of the construction site owner / developer, you may be faced with building on polluted land (pollution could be discovered during construction excavation work). To prevent such situation, you should order a full land quality survey (environmental site assessment phase 1 and 2) before starting any construction work. However if this is not possible and you are faced on building on a polluted land, you may be able to recover remediation costs from the original polluters. In this situation, specialized forensic investigations and legal advice (using top specialized Legal Firms) are commended. For further details and obtaining a free evaluation please contact environmental pollution centers. Elution prevention and environmental management The risk of adverse environmental impacts can be significant during construction. For large scale developments, we would expect all potential pollution risks and all aspects of site work, which may impact on the environment, to be systematically identified, as well as preventative measures and mitigation. For small scale developments, please refer to our Standing advice for small scale local development (1 ask). Any information supporting planning application should include a dedicated pollution prevention section, as well as any additional information that may be necessary. This information should incorporate the principles of all proposed pollution prevention and mitigation measures for all construction elements potentially capable of giving rise to pollution during all phases of construction, reinstatement after construction and final site decommissioning. This approach provides a useful link between the principles of development that will need to be outlined at the early stages of the project and the method tenements which are usually produced following award Of Contract (just before development commences). The pollution prevention section should set out the principles of all proposed pollution prevention and mitigation measures on the following issues, where relevant, to the proposed site: * Monitoring proposals, contingency measures and emergency plans, including an environmental checklist to monitor and plan the timing of works to avoid construction of roads, dewatering of pits and other potentially polluting activities during periods of high rainfall. This should cover: 1. Daily visual inspections and the recording of required environmental actions (egg in relation to silt management); 2. Rapports for planning activities in relation to heavy rain (up to 3 day forecast); 3. Identification of all construction elements and their location in relation to sensitive receptors, including any watersides, water supplies, and water-dependent species; * Details of how the works will be programmed to avoid any adverse impact on sensitive receptors. A timetable of works that takes into account al l environmental sensitivities, such as fish spawning, which have been raised by SEEP SON or there stakeholders should be included. Protection of development in relation to unstable land including peat landslides or landslip is not an area within our expertise or remit. This is a matter for the planning and building standards authorities and civil engineers who will determine if a peat stability assessment is required. Where an assessment is required, our main interest relates to the consequences of a peat-slide or bog burst which can result in severe environmental damage including the pollution of the surrounding area. The risk of this occurring should form part of any peat debility report and any associated pollution prevention measures should be included in planning submissions. * Surface water management plan The site specific principles of how drainage will be controlled should be detailed in the planning submission. * Particulate or chemical contamination of watersides due to, for example, track or cable crossings or dewatering of excavations. Any proposed discharges should be set out and dilution data provided. Any desalination works, excavations, ground disturbance or striping of vegetation and/or topsoil should be carried out so as to avoid pollution of the water environment. Sediment resulting from operations including stockpile storage, storage of weather sensitive materials at lay-down areas, haul routes, access roads, earthworks, drainage channels, vehicle access over watercourses, construction of watercourse crossings and digging of excavations. Permanent and temporary drainage arrangements for access tracks, turbines and substation should be based on sustainable drainage principles. Dust Management proposals for dust management including dust sprays. Excavation works, particularly through drilling and blasting, may cause nuisance to adjacent land users due to the generation of dust and Jose. Comments from local authority Environmental Health Officers should be sought on the potential nuisance to adjacent land users during the construction and decommissioning phases of the project. * Concrete production/use Environmental impacts resulting from concrete batching plant operations, use of blinding cement on roadways, wash-out during construction, poor integrity of shuttering. Discharge to watersides and pH impact on petulant (where relevant) should be avoided. * Mineral oils, fuel transport and storage Environmental impacts resulting from spillages, refueling and burst cables. Contingency plans for large oil spills that cannot be dealt with at a local level, details of designated funded fuel stores and mobile funded stores. Our preferred option is for a site compound to avoid fuel and other chemicals being stored at numerous locations around the site. Maintenance of vehicles and plant should be carried out only on impermeable areas where any oil spillages can be contained. Additional information pertaining to the storage of oil can be found below. * Road and crane hardstand Environmental impacts resulting from construction, use, and decommissioning of such infrastructure. Guidance on minimizing impact from construction of access roads can be found in Forests and Water Guidelines Fourth Edition (2003) which can be obtained from the Forestry Commission. Where tracks or hardstand will be located on peat and will carry heavy loads, evidence will be necessary of additional consideration of specific mesas rest required to deliver best practice should be included. Pollution risks and impacts on other environmental sensitivities as a result of the timing of operations. For example, construction of roads, dewatering of pits and other potentially polluting activities should be avoided during erodes of high rainfall periods of high rainfall, or at particular times of the year e. G. Fish spawning. The SEES should demonstrate which periods Of the year would be bes t practice for construction at the site to avoid pollution risks and other environmental sensitivities. Welfare arrangements Details of waste water drainage from temporary and permanent facilities for workers on site should be provided. Our preference would be for waste water and solid waste to be transported away from the site and disposed of using standard waste handling facilities during the construction period. Site restoration It is good practice for large scale developments to be subject to conditions requiring the submission of a restoration and aftercare scheme. The restoration principles should be set out within the submission. It should also outline the proposals for phased working and progressive restoration. Consideration should be given to the effect that any restoration will have on the water environment including groundwater quality and quantity and should include an assessment of the effect that any backfilling below the water table will have on groundwater flow. * Environmental accident management procedures This should include toolbox talks relating to * Site environmental management arrangements for pollution prevention. He appointment of an appropriately qualified and experienced environmental manager to supervise operations on site during the whole construction period, and with the authority to stop work and implement remedial work with immediate effect. * Site Waste Management Plan (SWAMP) which identifies all waste streams and proposals for their management, including peat, soils and other materials excavated on site and the importation of any waste materials to the site. Additional informat ion on Swaps can be found on the Sustainable Waste Management section of our website. Our Regulatory Position Statement Developments on Peat (8. Numb) and Guidance on the Assessment of Peat Volumes, Reuse of Excavated peat and Minimization of Waste (2. NUMB) may also be of help. This includes reference to guidance Developments on Petulant: Site Surveys and Best Practice (ask). SEEP policy and guidance SEEP produces a series of Pollution prevention Guidelines (Pigs) and the principles of any relevant Pigs should be incorporated into proposals. Particular attention should be paid to the Construction Pigs . Construction pigs : PIG 1 General guide to the prevention of pollution * PIG 5 Works and maintenance in or near water * PIG 6 Working at construction and demolition sites SEEP have also worked jointly with Highland Council to produce a guidance note on Construction Environmental Management Process for Large Scale Projects . SEEP SON, Scottish Renewable and FCC have also produced Good practice during windward construction (kick) which provides useful pollution prevention advice applicable to many types of projects. We also have useful guidance on the sustainable reuse of Greenfield soils in construction (2. Numb). Regulatory and best practice advice Standing advice for small scale local development (1 ask) The storage of any oil on site must be undertaken in accordance with The Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations 2006. For best practice advice please refer to PIG 7 Refueling facilities , PIG 8 Safe storage and disposal of used oils and PIG 27 Installation, decommissioning and removal of underground storage tanks . Further information on the types of storage tanks to be used and additional publications can be found within the Pollution Control section of the website. The construction industry is a major source of pollution, responsible for round 4% of particulate emissions, more water pollution incidents than any other industry, and thousands of noise complaints every year. Although construction activities also pollute the soil, the main areas of concern are: air, water and noise pollution. Air Pollution Construction activities that contribute to air pollution include: land clearing, operation of diesel engines, demolition, burning, and working with toxic materials. All construction sites generate high levels of dust (typically from concrete, cement, wood, Stone, silica) and this Can carry for large distances over a long period of time. Construction dust is classified as IMO particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter, invisible to the naked eye. Research has shown that IMO penetrate deeply into the lungs and cause a wide range of health problems including respiratory illness, asthma, bronchitis and even cancer. Another major source of IMO on construction sites comes from the diesel engine exhausts of vehicles and heavy equipment. This is known as diesel particulate matter (DAMP) and consists of soot, sulfates and silicates, all of which readily combine with other toxins in the atmosphere, increasing the health risks of particle inhalation. Diesel is also responsible for emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide. Noxious vapors from oils, glues, thinners, paints, treated woods, plastics, cleaners and other hazardous chemicals that are widely used on construction sites, also contribute to air pollution. Water Pollution Sources of water pollution on building sites include: diesel and oil; paint, solvents, cleaners and other harmful chemicals; and construction debris and dirt. When land is cleared it causes soil erosion that leads to silt-bearing run- off and sediment pollution. Silt and soil that runs into natural waterways urns them turbid, which restricts sunlight filtration and destroys aquatic life. Related Reading * Echo Friendly Construction Methods and Materials * Water and Sustainable Design * Using Lime in Building Techniques * Cob Building * Insulation Materials Surface water run-off also carries other pollutants from the site, such as diesel and oil, toxic chemicals, and building materials like cement. When these substances get into waterways they poison water life and any animal that drinks from them. Pollutants on construction sites can also soak into the groundwater, a source of human drinking water. Once contaminated, groundwater is much more difficult to treat than surface water. Noise Construction sites produce a lot of nose, mainly from vehicles, heavy equipment and machinery, but also from people shouting and radios turned up too loud. Excessive noise is not only annoying and distracting, but can lead to hearing loss, high blood pressure, sleep disturbance and extreme stress. Research has shown that high noise levels disturb the natural cycles of animals and reduces their usable habitat. Measures to Prevent Pollution Good construction site practice can help to control and prevent pollution. The first step is to prepare environmental risk assessments for all construction activities and materials likely to cause pollution. Specific measures can then be taken to mitigate these risks: * To prevent erosion and run-off, minimize land disturbance and leave maximum vegetation cover. * Control dust through fine water sprays used to dampen down the site. * Screen the whole site to stop dust spreading, or alternatively, place fine mesh screening close to the dust source. Cover skips and trucks loaded with construction materials and continually damp down with low levels of water. * Cover piles f building materials like cement, sand and other powders, regularly inspect for spillages, and locate them where they will not be washed into waterways or drainage areas. * Use non-toxic paints, solvents and other hazardous materials wherever possible * Segregate, tightly cover and monitor toxic substances to prevent spills and possible site contamination. * Cover up and protect all drains on site . Collect any wastewater generated from site activities in settlement tanks, screen, discharge the clean water, and dispose of remaining sludge according to environmental regulations. * Use low sulfur diesel oil in all vehicle and equipment engines, and incorporate the latest specifications of particulate filters and catalytic converters. K No burning of materials on site. * Reduce noise pollution through careful handling of materials; modern, quiet power tools, equipment and generators; low impact technologies; and wall structures as sound shields. Pressure to Clean Up The UK Environment Agency and other government bodies are putting increasing pressure on construction companies to reduce pollution and conform to environmental regulations. In the past the pollution fines have been low and environmental regulations slack, and it could have been received as cheaper to pollute than to prevent pollution. This situation is now changing, and enforcement Of environmental regulations is not only very expensive but can be irreversibly damaging to the reputation of a firm. Measures to reduce and control pollution are relatively inexpensive and cost- effective, and the construction industry needs to incorporate these into an environmental management strategy. By employing these practices, the construction industry is well positioned to clean up its act. There is an urgent need to address the great challenges of our times: climate hang, resource depletion, pollution, and peak oil. These issues are all accelerating rapidly, and all have strong links with the building industry. There is a growing consensus from scientists and the oil industry that we are going to reach peak oil in the next twenty years, and that we might have reached this point already. Global demand is soaring, whilst global production is declining, and oil is set to become increasingly expensive and scarce. The building industry is hugely dependent on cheap oil, from the manufacture and transportation of its materials, to the machinery and tools used in emulation and construction. In the ASK, it uses vast quantities of fossil fuels, accounting for over half Of total carbon emissions that lead to climate change. The built environment is also responsible for significant amounts of air, soil and water pollution, and millions of tones of landfill waste. This is a situation that clearly needs to change. Reducing Energy Consumption With the inevitability of declining fossil fuels, and the threat of global climate change, reducing our energy consumption is an essential survival strategy. Choosing to build green saves energy. The low embodied energy of green rodents ensures that very little energy went into their manufacture and production, with a direct reduction in carbon emissions. Echo friendly design methodology can further reduce energy consumption by minimizing energy inputs for heating, cooling and light, and incorporating energy efficient appliances. Saving energy for the occupant also saves money an issue that will become increasingly important as the cost of fossil fuels Inevitably rises in the near future. Related Reading * What is Echo Friendly Construction? * New Developments: Environmentally Friendly Concrete Building Healthier Homes Echo-friendly construction can not only help to create a better outdoor environment, it can also help to build a healthier indoor environment. Conventional building materials and methods have been linked to a wide range of health problems. Chemical pollutants from paints, solvents, plastics and composite timbers, along with biological pollutants such as dust mites and moulds are known to cause Symptoms such as asthma, headaches, depression, eczema, palpitations and chronic fatigue syndrome. Green buildings eliminate these problems through good ventilation design, breathable walls, and the use of natural, non-toxic products and materials. There are many good reasons why we should use echo-friendly construction methods and materials, It can improve the health of our planet, and the health of our own lives. It also supports local business and helps strengthen the local economy, which in turn helps to build our communities into vibrant, prosperous and desirable places to live. A Necessary Choice Green building is not only a wise choice for our future; it is also a necessary choice. The construction industry must adopt echo-friendly practices and materials that reduce its impacts, before we reach a point of irreversible mage to our life supporting systems. The UK Government is beginning to recognize this urgency, and is committed to integrating green specifications into building regulations and codes, but the process of developing policy is slow. The industry needs to take its own initiative and find alternative ways to build, using green, renewable energy resources, and adopt non-polluting practices and materials that reduce, recycle and reuse, before it is too late. Echo-friendly, or ecological, construction is building a structure that is beneficial or non-harmful to the environment, and resource efficient. Otherwise known as green building, this type of construction is efficient in its use of local and renewable materials, and in the energy required to build it, and the energy generated while being within it. Echo-friendly construction has developed in response to the knowledge that buildings have an often negative impact upon our environment and our natural resources. This includes transporting materials hundreds or thousands of miles, which has a negative impact in the energy required to transport them, and also in emissions of hazardous chemicals from a poorly designed building that rates, and traps them. The Range of Ecologically Built Structures Many options are now available to those wishing to design and build an echo- friendly dwelling. Architects, engineers and builders worldwide are now using construction techniques that have been developed throughout human history, in response to local environmental concerns and the physical resource opportunities available, coupled with 21st century technological refinements. These range from rammed earth construction, which involves clay-based material mixed with water and then rammed into brick or solid all form, suitable in hot and dry climates, to straw bale houses, literally using bales of straw as the core structure. Straw is a great insulator, is a breathable material that filters the air passing through it, and contrary to expectation, is fire-resistant when compressed. And it is low cost. See our page www. Sustainability. Co. K/astrolabe for instructions on how to build. Other options are so-called earth ships, which use recycled car tires filled with earth as the buildings walls, or Yurts or Gears, the semi-permanent nomadic tents of Inner Asia, that utilities local wood, wool and canvas, to literally live on, with the and. These examples can be seen as development that has a low impact upon the environment, which utilities and blend in with the local environment, and could be dismantled and moved easily. Related Reading Stone vs. Brick * Career s and Courses for Echo Build * using Lime in Building Techniques Features of Ecological Building and Some Techniques In more conventional building construction, it is how technology and building materials merge and create ecological resources that are the key to green success, as well as using simple and readily available materials. For example, sing pulped recycled paper for roof insulation is a simple but highly effective ecological resource. The damage to human health from asbestos insulation, laid out in rolls in thousands of UK homes, is now well known. Asbestos also takes hundreds Of years to decompose in landfill. Other features Of an ecological building might include : * The varied use of solar panels for domestic hot water heating, * Water conservation, possibly including biological waste water treatment and re-use, and the simple collection and recycling of rainwater for garden use, Low energy lightships, which can last up to 100 times longer than regular bulbs, Cellulose insulation (like the paper in the above example), * Non-toxic or lead-free paints and wood preservatives, * Locally-grown and harvested timber from sustainable managed forests. Where to Find Examples of Ecological Building Local Councils and Housing Associations in the UK are now exploring the benefits of ecological construction, and estates constructed on these principles have been built in Edinburgh, in the Camaraderies village of March, and several in London. An interesting project in the capital is Bedded, in the borough of Sutton, which utilities solar heating and heat given off by he occupants, combined with a small power plant using wood off-cuts, to heat and power each house, and achieves zero carbon emissions. The estate was planned to be built with materials that were sourced from within 35 miles. This development consists of 82 housing units, owned and managed by the Peabody Trust. It is a great example of a sustainable development building estate, combined with the principles of social housing.