With reference to a case study on Brazil, explain what affects rural to urban migration

The following essay is ground on a case development of Brazil. I testament describe and press go forth the problems of uncouth to urban migration. The two locations we lead be studying ar the Caatinga and a metropolis c onlyed Belo Horizonte, both located in Brazil (see map below). Rural atomic number 18as ar atomic number 18as isolated from city centers with really half-size discourse and transport to them. They ar precise poor atomic number 18as with little agriculture. urban atomic number 18as argon city the like agencys w present communication, transport and nutriment conditions argon acceptable.The Caatinga is one of the most upstage areas of Brazil. It is a modify and poor area. It is the largest dry region in atomic number 16 America. The vegetation in this area is very pitiable. existence Pressure happens a lot here. umpteen plurality are born and are forced to sustain in such(prenominal) disgraceful conditions. It is fixed in the North-eastern disunite of Brazil. The Caatinga has serious problems including health and, the most classic one, on that point is a lack of ruminates. other major problem are droughts. virtually once every ten years, a drought occurs causation large disasters in matters of agriculture and health. Climate too plays a big role in the everyday life of the Caatinga inhabitants.The other location we are overtaking to study is Belo Horizonte. It is a townshipsfolk located in the south-eastern part of Brazil. Im going to concentrate on the surroundings (suburbs) of the town k straight offn as the Favelas. These are groups of houses, now changed into neighborhoods where concourse that choke from the Caatinga and other farming(prenominal) areas of Brazil move too. here(predicate) the houses are mostly wooden shacks or the break ones are made with cement and bricks. Here thither is little electricity and water. vivification conditions are much better than in the Caatinga. There are more business line opportunities for migrated mountain with no bills. large number that migrate to these places, in most cases leave the Caatinga with no bills at all and go away possess to live under composition board boxes until they commode afford to build thither own shack.You keister ascertain to a fault Classifications of RestaurantsThe most of import factor that affects migration are the Push and the force factors. Push factors are negative factors. These could include such things as health, education, general lifespan conditions etc. The Pull factors are positive factors. These include things like electricity provided, clean water, better health etc. In this case study, the publicize factors will be close the untaught areas (Caatinga). The except factors will be about the urban area (Favelas).Migration is affected by these factors. In this study the most important ones are health, clime, job opportunities, education and upkeep conditions.The problems that peo ple face in the Caatinga are very serious. This is why people lack to migrate or even are forced to migrate to urban places and Favelas. They do this to try and gain about cash and to give better future tense for their children.Droughts are very common in the Caatinga. When these occur, rivers give the sack dry up and there is no water to drink and to use for rustic reasons. This contains every fourth dimension famine, starvation and disease. People fucking however drink from loath few ponds formed when the last fall had fallen.analphabetism is another great problem. There are no schools for people to go to. rough of the population kittynot read nor pen. Children cannot learn how to write and this is why when they migrate, they will find very underprivileged jobs with very little pay.When droughts occur, clownish land is destroyed along office with all of the crops grown during the year. This brings long periods of time with no one working on the land which means no jobs. With no jobs, people subscribe to no money and cannot buy feed nor medicines for their family. When the harvest-tideing fails, people can only eat beloved and beans throughout the year until the next harvest is ready.There is no medical guard in these areas. Diseases such as Malaria go young children and elder people ca exploitation death rates to increase drastically. This in like manner is connected with transport. Ill and sick people cannot be transported to cities to be taken fear of. No food can be imported to the Caatinga. The population of the Caatinga can only live on what they produce, this is called subsistence farming. The climate has besides a very important job in the Caatinga and is one of the biggest factors causing migration. all through out the year there is little or no rain at all in some areas of the Caatinga. The temperatures are very high in the summer ( chafeing over 30) and in the winter are very refrigerated (approximately 10).You can r ead also Costco Case StudyFamilies in the Caatinga are very large. Some families lead up to 15 children and in some cases can reach 20. This is because people want to have more children so that they can be maintained when they reach an older age. another(prenominal) reason is that diseases can easily protrude umpteen children. On average out of 10 children, 5 die of illnesses or starvation.In the Caatinga child labor is also a big concern for the government. many an(prenominal) children are used to farm on the land which isnt of their property.People from the Caatinga decide to migrate to urban cities like Belo Horizonte. They have to go for hundreds of kilometers with all of their belongings and no money. When they move into in the Favelas, they have to set up a unseasoned life.The Favelas are situated simply outside cities. These are groups of houses create by migrates coming in from the rural part of the democracy. Here their children can take an education from proper schools. They learn how to read and write so that in the future they will be able to have a better job. Once they reach an older age, children will have to survive working to try and get some money for their numerous family. In a case we saw, the money that the father and her missy earned was 12 a month, just enough to maintain their big family. They cannot fall any of it on leisure and entertainment.With the money they can buy proper food from markets and are able to feed the satisfying family. They can also buy medicines and with time, they can improve their household. The birth rate here is also much lower than in the Caatinga. This is because health is much more modernistic and people dont need as many children to maintain them. The death rate is also much lower than in the Caatinga. Medicines to regain diseases are introduced and infirmarys are nearby.Electricity and one-time(prenominal) running water in houses is introduced. This is a necessity for many families. The tr ansport and communication is good here. The only problem is that there is no entertainment in these Favelas (no cinema, shops, restaurants etc). The climate here is much better. The temperatures are instead high throughout the year and the pelting is balanced.In conclusion to my essay, the urban environs is a much better place to live in because of all its pull factors.Urban population is increasing rapidly, 78% of Brazilian population lives in Urban population whilst the other 22% is splay out between rural and Amazonian.I would prefer to live in an urban environment because of all the comforts it can provide compared to the Caatinga. Still people dont have power over their actions. People living in the Caatinga cannot decide weather to move or not. It is a risk they have to take and only some families can take it.It would be hard to stand by the population of the Caatinga. Brazil, being in some parts a developed country and in others, not developed at all, would find it diffic ult to provide the notes to help this population. It would need to build a new transport system, including a rail line and more roads. It could also build hospital facilities and refugee camps for homeless people. It should improve agricultural facilities adding irrigating systems and it should bring, using aqueducts, water to remote villages.This could also bring problems because people living in the Caatinga skill not want their land to be industrialized. Also the funds to help could be received from the population of urban cities which capacity disapprove.Rio de Janeiro has tried to improve living conditions of the Favelas by expanding its land and becoming the second largest city in the world. It has built on a flat piece of land pompous buildings for rich people to move in. It is a much safer place for people to live in. It is actually become a new city called Barra. Barra is one of the safest cities in South America. It has the largest shopping mall in all of South Americ a. The criminality is very low. By building this city, Rio de Janeiro has stopped growing because people move out to Barra more. Soon Barra will become as large as Rio and suffer the same problems if migration doesnt stop.